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Prostate cancer is the second most common and the fifth leading cause of death by cancer in men worldwide. The most diagnosed type of prostate cancer is adenocarcinoma. ETS-like protein 1 (Elk-1) is a member of the ETS-domain transcription factor family. Elk-1 signaling pathways support growth and progression of tumour cells....

Known for their poor outcomes, triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) have been investigated for immune checkpoint inhibitors that target Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). In the recent decade, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have also become potential biomarkers. The aim of the study was to determine the reproducibility of PD-L1 scoring system and TILs interpretation in the local setting through intra- and interobserver agreement....

Primary lymphoma of bone (PLB) is an extranodal lymphoma that arises in osseous sites with no evidence of disease elsewhere for at least 6 months. They account for 3% of malignant bone tumours and 1% of all lymphomas. Secondary involvement of bone by lymphoma. This study analysed the clinicopathological features and outcomes of a series of PLB....

Ganglioneuroma is a rare (one per million population), differentiated, benign neurogenic tumour which originates from the neuroepithelium along the sympathetic ganglia. Most ganglioneuromas are thought to develop de novo rather than by maturation of a preexisting neuroblastoma, and are usually found in the posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneum....

The incidence of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) has inclined with the increasing of cesarean deliveries (CD). It is divided into 3 groups based on the invasion of the chorionic villi into the myometrium (accreta, increta and percreta). The aim was to determine the correlation between clinicopathology and the depth of chorionic villi invasion of PAS....

Plasmacytoma is a rare B-lymphocyte neoplastic disorder that usually presents as the generalised disease multiple myeloma. Less than 5% of the cases present as a solitary mass of monoclonal plasma cells in the bone or soft tissue. Although solitary extramedullary plasmocytoma (EMP) may arise in any organ. However, it rarely affects bladder....

An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) rarely occurs in the urinary bladder. IMT is a distinctive neoplasm composed of myofibroblastic and fibroblastic spindle cells. It also has inflammatory infiltration of plasma cells, lymphocytes and eosinophils. It is important to distinguish this tumour from other malignant spindle cell tumours....

Phyllodes tumour of the breast is one of the fibroepithelial neoplasms that shows proliferation of both epithelial and mesenchymal component. In malignant condition, the diagnosis can be established by the existence of malignant heterologous component even if common features are absence....

The role of plasmatherapy in the management of the current COVID-19 pandemic has been speculated. However, in view of the varied response regarding its effectiveness from various multicentre studies, there is a need to conduct more single-centre population-specific studies....

Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma is rare malignant tumour arising in sinonasal region. On Histopathological examination, this tumour is characterised by the combination of benign and malignant components of epithelial, mesenchymal and teratoid elements. Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma is more common in male, tends to locally damage with high recurrence rate....